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Turkish Grammar › Everyday Usage

Saati Söyleme (-(y)A var / -(y)I geçiyor / geçe / kala)

Telling the Time

Level A1Everyday Usage

In Turkish the time is told with the full hour and with the «geçe» and «kala» patterns.

When talking about time in Turkish there is an important difference between saying what the time IS and saying at what time something happens. To say what the time is, the words «geçiyor» and «var» are used. When the minute hand is in the first half of the hour (minutes 1-29), the accusative ending «-(y)I» is added to the hour, then the minutes are said, and «geçiyor» comes at the end: «Saat beşi on geçiyor». When the minute hand is in the second half (minutes 31-59), the next hour is the base, the dative ending «-(y)A» is added to it, the remaining minutes are said, and «var» is used: «Saat üçe yirmi var». When the minutes are thirty you say «buçuk», and when they are zero you simply say the hour.

When saying at what time something happens, the words change: «geçe» instead of «geçiyor», and «kala» instead of «var». For example, answering «Saat kaçta buluşuyoruz?»: if it is ten past five you say «Beşi on geçe buluşuyoruz», and if it is twenty to three you say «Üçe yirmi kala buluşuyoruz». For full and half hours the locative ending «-da / -de» is added to the time: «Saat sekizde ders başlıyor» or «Saat dokuz buçukta evden çıkıyorum».

In short, the question «Saat kaç?» (What time is it?) is answered like: Saat iki (02.00), Saat üçü beş geçiyor (15.05), Saat yediye on var (18.50) — while the question «Saat kaçta?» (At what time?) is answered like: Saat ikide (at 02.00), Saat üçü beş geçe (at 15.05), Saat yediye on kala (at 18.50).

Examples

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