Günlük Türkçem

Turkish Grammar › Converbs

Tercih ve Karşıtlık Kalıpları (-mAktAnsA / -mAsInA rağmen)

Preference and Concession Patterns

Level B1Converbs

Choosing between two options, and an unexpected result: beklemektense yürüyelim.

In this topic you will learn two patterns. The first states a CHOICE between two options, the second a result contrary to expectation, that is, CONCESSION.

The pattern «-mAktAnsA» means «rather than …, better …»: «Burada beklemektense yürüyerek gidelim.» — we choose walking, not waiting.

The pattern has three parts, all of which you have learned before: the nominaliser «-mAk» + the ablative «-DAn» + the conditional «-sA». Bekle-mek-ten-se.

The second part of the sentence is usually built with the optative, the necessitative or the aorist: «Oturmaktansa biraz yürüyelim.», «Susmaktansa konuşmak gerekir.»

The pattern «-mAsInA rağmen» states that what was expected did not happen: «Çok çalışmasına rağmen sınavı kazanamadı.» — he worked, but the expected result did not follow.

This pattern too is built from familiar parts: the nominaliser «-mA» + a possessive ending + the dative «-(y)A» + «rağmen». Çalış-ma-sı-na rağmen.

The postposition «rağmen» always calls for the dative. That is why the nominalised verb takes «-(y)A»: gelmesine rağmen, bilmesine rağmen, çalışmamıza rağmen.

The possessive ending shows who does the action, just as you learned at A2: «Benim gelmeme rağmen…», «Onların gitmelerine rağmen…»

«rağmen» is used with nouns as well, and then the noun takes the dative directly: «Yağmura rağmen dışarı çıktık.», «Soğuğa rağmen maç oynandı.»

The word «karşın» means the same as «rağmen» and calls for the same endings: «Çok çalışmasına karşın kazanamadı.» It is more common in written language.

At this level these two are learned AS SET PHRASES; at B2 you will meet the whole family of concessive structures («-(y)A rağmen», «-sA dA», «-sA bile») together.

This topic completes the voice and converb section of B1. What you have learned so far is the foundation for the participles and long sentence structures of B2.

Examples

Practise this topic with exercises in the app →