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Turkish Grammar › Verb Conjugation

Şart Kipi (-(y)sA)

Conditional Mood

Level B1Verb Conjugation

States the condition under which something will happen: yağmur yağarsa pikniğe gitmeyiz.

The conditional states the CONDITION under which something will happen: «Yarın hava güzel olursa pikniğe gideriz.» If the condition holds, the result follows.

The most important thing about this mood is that the suffix does not attach to the verb stem but comes ON TOP OF A TENSE SUFFIX. Gel-ir-se, gel-iyor-sa, gel-di-yse, gel-ecek-se, gel-miş-se.

This is where it differs from the optative in the previous topic: «gelse» is a wish (the suffix went on the stem), «gelirse» is a condition (the suffix went on the aorist).

The commonest form is built on the aorist and states a real, possible condition: «Çalışırsan kazanırsın.», «Yağmur yağarsa gitmeyiz.»

The personal endings come last: gelirsem, gelirsen, gelirse, gelirsek, gelirseniz, gelirlerse.

The negative is built on the negative of the tense it attaches to: gelmezse, gelmiyorsa, gelmediyse, gelmeyecekse.

The word «eğer» may be used at the head of the sentence but is NOT obligatory; the suffix already carries the condition. «Eğer yağmur yağarsa…» and «Yağmur yağarsa…» are the same.

The result clause is usually built with the aorist or the future: «Erken kalkarsan otobüse yetişirsin.», «Yarın gelirsen seni gezdireceğim.»

The result may also be an order or a suggestion: «Zorlanırsan bana sor.», «Vaktin varsa biraz konuşalım.»

The form built on the past tense states a situation that may have happened: «Geldiyse haber verir.», «Anlamadıysanız tekrar açıklayayım.»

The form built on the present progressive states a condition tied to the present moment: «Uyuyorsa uyandırmayalım.»

In the next topic you will meet this mood moved into the past, that is, unreal conditions: «Bilseydim gelirdim.»

Examples

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